HERA’s Attack Against Cross-Selling & Reverse Mortgages
May 1st, 2009 | by Jim Veale Published in Commentary, FHA, News, Reverse Mortgage | 21 Comments
Cross-selling engenders heated arguments. Some believe that cross-selling strikes at the heart of free enterprise and the rights of seniors to make their own decisions. Based on past performance, others believe that seniors need these protections.
Although this series of articles focuses on the cross-selling restrictions of HERA (the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, PL 110-289), proposed state laws may result in more far-reaching and restrictive measures. Some states like California have existing laws prohibiting some forms of cross-selling with restrictions that extend beyond those in HERA [California Civil Code Section 1923.2(i), especially (i)(2)]. A few states are proposing laws that will restrict or prohibit cross-selling. As of April 30th, California is looking at expanding its prohibition to additional insurance and all financial products [California Assembly Bill 329 (as amended as of April 29, 2009) Section 3 amending California Civil Code Sections 1923.2(i) and 1923.2(j)].
HERA takes a two-pronged attack against cross-selling:
- An outright prohibition against cross-selling that has been in full force since July 30th of last year and
- New “requirements on mortgage originators” for the purpose of minimizing cross-selling opportunities; however, even though mortgagees must be striving to meet its requirements as outlined in Mortgagee Letter (ML) 2008-24, HUD has not issued any final guidance on what minimal “safeguards” or “firewalls” are required.
Even though there were different proprietary products available at the time when the FHA Modernization Bill was being formulated, it was ultimately enacted as part of HERA, and the HERA cross selling provisions are applicable to HECMs only. State laws are much broader than HERA; state laws normally encompass all reverse mortgages unless otherwise stipulated.
The HERA prohibition is found in new Section 255(o) of the National Housing Act (NHA, PL 84-345) which was added by HERA Section 2122(a)(9), and is now codified as 12 U.S.C. 1715z-20(o) which reads:
‘‘(o) PROHIBITION AGAINST REQUIREMENTS TO PURCHASE ADDITIONAL
PRODUCTS.—The mortgagor or any other party shall not be required by the mortgagee or any other party to purchase an insurance, annuity, or other similar product as a requirement or condition of eligibility for insurance under subsection (c), except for title insurance, hazard, flood, or other peril insurance, or other such products that are customary and normal under subsection (c), as determined by the Secretary.
The “…insurance under subsection (c)…” is the FHA insurance provided for HECMs and thus the HERA prohibition pertains to only HECMs.
HUD has not issued any ML or other guidance covering the prohibition. Many falsely believe the prohibition is addressed in ML 2008-24; however, that ML states: “Sections 255 (n)(1) and (n)(2) are described separately below.” Based on the wording in the law, there does not appear to have been any need for HUD to issue any guidance in order for the new NHA Section 255(o) prohibition to have been enforceable since the date of HERA enactment, July 30, 2008. In a telephone call on April 8, 2009, Mr. Peter Bell, NRMLA President, stated that he is not aware of any forthcoming ML on the prohibition and to the best of his knowledge none is needed for the prohibition of Section 255(o) to have been fully enforceable from July 30, 2008, forward.
Section 255(o) has nothing to do with firewalls or safeguards and puts no new requirements on originators or lenders other than its prohibition against required purchases of “additional products.”
The other prong of the HERA assault is found in new NHA Section 255(n) and is titled “Requirements on Mortgage Originators.” Many of us are familiar with Section 255(n)(2) which HUD used as its grounds to terminate what was euphemistically known as the “The HECM Advisor Program” in ML 2008-24; however, the indirect attack on cross-selling is found in NHA Section 255(n)(1) which was added in HERA Section 2122(a)(9) and is codified in 12 U.S.C. 1715z‑20(n)(1) which states:
“(n) REQUIREMENTS ON MORTGAGE ORIGINATORS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The mortgagee and any other party that participates in the origination of a mortgage to be insured under this section shall—
(A) not participate in, be associated with, or employ any party that participates in or is associated with any other financial or insurance activity; or
(B) demonstrate to the Secretary that the mortgagee or other party maintains, or will maintain, firewalls and other safeguards designed to ensure that—
(i) individuals participating in the origination of the mortgage shall have no involvement with, or incentive to provide the mortgagor with, any other financial or insurance product; and
(ii) the mortgagor shall not be required, directly or indirectly, as a condition of obtaining a mortgage under this section, to purchase any other financial or insurance product.”
Section 255(n)(1) is limited to: “… a mortgage to be insured under this section….” The only reverse mortgages insured by FHA are HECMs; thus this provision also does not apply to other reverse mortgages.
We will look at Section (n)(1) in more depth in the next article.
It must be noted that I am not an attorney. If a reader needs legal advice on the cross-selling rules related to HERA, that reader should seek the counsel of a competent and reputable attorney who is knowledgeable and experienced in such matters.
It would be interesting to hear from readers what steps they or their employers are taking to comply especially with both the first and second “any other party” of the Section 255(o) prohibition.
James E. Veale, CPA, MBT
SVP of Tax and Government Affairs & Director of Originator Recruiting for Security One Lending
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- Vague Restrictions Prevent HECM From Becoming Part of Retirement Plan
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